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Vliv změny tlaku v trakčním válci pluhů na zatížení hnacích kol traktorů
Opluštil, Jakub
The first part of the bachelor thesis is focused on the description of the construction of the plows and their current state. The second part of this bachelor thesis was to analyze the influence of the traction roller on the output parameters of the plowing unit based on field measurements. In the practical part of this work, a field measurement is processed, it was carried out in order to evaluate the use of the traction hydraulic cylinder on the plow. For a measurement it was used a tractor Zetor Forterra 150 HD in a set with a Pöttinger SERVO 45 M PLUS plow. The tractor was weighed in combination with the plow before the actual field measurement started. The weighing took place on walk-in scales. The axles were weighed as follows: front axle, rear right and left wheels separately, plow support wheel. It was measured in two variants, with a plow width of 1,6 m and 2 m. Furthermore, the measurement depended on the position of the set, which was in one case on a plane and in the other on an inclined plane. The tilting of the tractor was simulated on the scales, which was supposed to represent the driving of the tractor during the plowing to the right, the left wheel of the tractor and support wheel of plow were lifted by 20 cm. When the distributor of the external hydraulic circuit is in the floating position, there is zero pressure in the traction cylinder. There is no load transfer from the plow to the tractor. The weighing was based on three groups of measurements. In the first stage it was 0 bar, in the second 100 bar and the last 150 bar in the traction cylinder. As the pressure gradually increased, the tractor axles were loaded and the load on the support wheel was relieved. For a simpler representation, the obtained values were rewritten into images and drawn into graphs for comparison. The results obtained during weighing were compared with the results of individual wheel loads during actual plowing. By increasing the pressure in that the traction cylinder equalizes the load on the rear wheels moving in the furrow and on the bed. This fact was reflected in the output parameters of plowing.
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Vyhodnocení vlivu orby a hloubkového kypření na strukturu porostu a výnos zrna pšenice
Pokorný, Vít
This thesis deals with the effect of plowing and subsoiling on the structure of the spring wheat crop and the quality of spring wheat grain, as well as the effect of these two technologies on soil compaction. The literature review briefly describes basic information about soil and soil compaction, as well as necessary information about the plow and subsoiler and necessary information about spring wheat. In the practical part of this thesis, undisturbed soil samples were taken and evaluated, and the penetrometric resistance of the soil was measured, before and after tillage using the monitored technologies. Compaction has not been found. However, it was confirmed that subsoiling has a positive effect on the soil physical properties, despite the fact that there was no improvement in pentrometric resistance and soil moisture. Furthermore, the condition and structure of the spring wheat crop were evaluated, the results showed that at first plowing was better but before harvest subsoiling showed better plant density, and finally the yield and quality of the wheat grain were evaluated and compared. Plowing also came out better from this, despite the fact that subsoilling achieved a better number of plants and ears per m2. The field experiment took place in Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou in the local part of Vacenovice.
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Analysis of energy and performance parameters of tractor sets for tillage
Masnica, Daniel ; Porteš, Petr (referee) ; Bauer, František (advisor)
This diploma thesis analyzes the influences of individual components and settings on the performance and energy parameters of tractor sets. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on tractor construction and describes some electronic systems used in modern tractors. It also describes the methodology of field measurements, measuring techniques, and machinery used for the measurements. The practical part of the thesis deals with field measurements of a tractor set with a combined cultivator, a plow, and traction tests of the tractor. From the measured data, various performance and energy parameters are calculated. The results are analyzed, and a discussion is provided.
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Možnosti snižování nákladů u traktorových souprav na zpracování půdy
Fajmon, Jiří
The thesis on the theme-Possibilities of reduction costs by tractors kit for treatment of soil-is giving us in the theoretic part basic information about construction of nowadays tractors, possibilities its traction and effectiveness of use. It deals with economy of treatment of soil primarily with energy demands and effectiveness tillage. In the practical part of this thesis is processed field measurements, which was made for purpose to evaluate usage of traction hydraulic cylinder plough. It was investigated how the features of traction cylinder are influencing fuel consumption, traction of wheel and efficiency of tractors kit.
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Measurement and evaluation of exploitation and qualitative indicators of ploughing on the specific land
EIBL, Jiří
This diploma thesis focuses on the history of plough production, on the description and using the plough for basic typical soil tillage. Mechanical soil cultivation, that makes the soil loosed, divides, turns and mixes ploughed materials with soil. This process is called ploughing. Stubble-tillage and ploughing is the aim of this thesis, it was done on the determined land with the semi-mounted plough (five- and two- blade insert), and with the full-mounted plough (front part UPS, five- and two- blade insert). There were compared current exploitation and qualitative indicators during the working with the plough in comparable conditions.
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Porovnání orebného a bezorebného zpracování půdy
BARTOŠ, Jiří
The bachelor's thesis deals with the most commonly used tillage technologies today and the impact on soil compaction. It also focuses on measures against unwanted compaction and its subsequent removal. Describes basic work operations such as plowing and loosening the soil. The bachelor's thesis describes the principle on which plowing works, basic types and distribution of plows, possible equipment of plows and according to which plowing can be divided. Furthermore, the methods of plowing, on different types of land, under conditions. Last but not least, the advantages and disadvantages of the most common tillage are listed here. Furthermore, the loosening technology, the machines with which the soil can be worked and the advantages and disadvantages of the tillage technology without plowing bring here. The experiment performed for the purpose of the bachelor's thesis is focused on the comparison of plowing and no-till technology of soil processing from an economic point of view and within the possibilities of verifying the impact on soil condition, stand condition, harvest and environment.
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Comparison of plowing and no-till tillage
DOLEJŠÍ, Přemysl
This final thesis deals with the comparison of plowing and non-plowing soil tillage. It is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes soil properties and importance of soil cultivation. Following is a presentation and description of selected technologies of soil cultivation. The practical part presents the measurement results. It was investigated whether this or that technology was more cost-effective and how different processing would affect soil compaction. The results are presented for the sake of clarity through tables and graphs.
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Faktory ovlivňující energetické a výkonnostní parametry souprav na zpracování půdy
Sklenář, Adam
The thesis titled Factors influencing the energy and performance parameters of machine lines for soil cultivation in the theoretical part contains a research about current situation in the construction tractors. The research focuses on the structurally most important parts of tractors (motors and gearboxes) and further discusses the selected components. In the practical part there is described a measurement under field conditions with selected machine line for soil cultivation. Field measurement were carried out on the estates of Cooperative Farm Hodíškov, ploughing machine line consisted of Case Puma 210 tractor with a Lemken Diamant plough. During the measurements tractor was working in two modes of engine load (from 1700 to 1900 rpm and from 1900 to 2100 rpm), the energy and performance parameters were examined for each measurement. The lowest fuel consumption and highest efficiency was achieved while working in the economic speed range from 1700 to 1900 rpm.
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Hodnocení technicko-ekonomických parametrů traktorových souprav na zpracování půdy.
Janů, Radek
The Master’s thesis presents contemporary methods of soil cultivation. Emphasis is placed both on conventional soil tillage and minimum tillage practices. Different methods of tillage are systematically classified and characterized, and machines for individual methods of soil cultivation are introduced. The second part contains the methodology of field measurement of Fendt 924 Vario, John Deere 6215R Plus, and Pöttinger Servo Plus 6.50 plow, Pöttinger Synkro 3020 plow, Pöttinger Synkro 6020 NOVA, and Pöttinger Terradisc 6001 T. It follows from the measured values that higher performance was achieved with the plow stubble cultivator, while lower fuel consumption for the cultivation of 1 ha of land was achieved during plowing.
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